The function of a pipeline generally determines the performance requirements of the pipe joints. Whether the purpose is to convey sanitary sewage or storm water, joints are designed so that when sections are laid together they will make a continuous line of pipe with an interior free from irregularities. Joints can be designed to provide soil-tightness, or watertightness, with the ability to accommodate lateral or longitudinal movement, and strength to handle shear or vertical movement.
Concrete pipe manufacturers have developed joint designs to provide the following performance characteristics:
• Resistance to infiltration of groundwater and backfill material
• Resistance to exfiltration of sewage or storm water
• Ability to accommodate lateral or longitudinal movement
• Strength to handle shear or vertical movement
• Pipeline continuity and smooth flow line
• Allow infiltration of groundwater for subsurface drainage
• Ease of installation
In addition, the increased number of joints typically marketed by competing products as a perceived shortcoming of concrete pipe may in fact be an advantage for many installations. With an increased number of joints, line and grade is maintained and checked more frequently, pipe lengths can fit and be positioned in standard trench boxes more easily, and longitudinal stresses in pipe walls are relieved when pipelines encounter non-uniform bedding foundations.